Epidemiology of diseases that cause vertigo

Abstract

Introduction: Vertigo can be very disabling and sometimes acts as a sign of a disease with a reserved prognosis and is defined as an abnormal sensation of movement.

Objective: Identify the main epidemiological aspects of diseases that cause vertigo.

Methods: Descriptive, observational, cross-sectional study of a sample of 219 cases that presented diseases that cause vertigo, who attended the audiology consultation of the "Dr. Carlos J. Finlay" Central Military Hospital, in the period of January 2019 to December 2022.

Results: The age group of 51 to 61 years (42.5%) of the cases predominated, and the female sex (59.2%). The following symptoms appear as associated: hearing loss (66.19%), cervical disorders (52.11%) and high blood pressure (50.70%). The most common diagnosis was benign paroxysmal positional vertigo in 41.6% of patients.

Conclusions. Diseases of the vestibular system that cause vertigo are distributed in different age groups according to their nature, and their appearance increases with age, and they are more frequent in females. With the use of new technologies, the possibility of being able to perform complex and precise diagnoses of the central and peripheral nervous system increases, but they never replace the clinical method.